legal education and writing

pro tanto

Pro tanto is Latin phrase meaning “to that extent” or “for so much,” and it often refers to a partial satisfaction of a debt or claim. Example: In a negligence suit with multiple tortfeasors, a plaintiff may settle with one of the defendants...

pro tem

Pro Tem is an abbreviated form of Pro Tempore, a Latin phrase that means “for the time being.” The term is usually used with an office to note that the individual serving in that role is there temporarily. For instance, a judge pro tem is a judge...

pro tempore

Also pro tem. Latin word meaning for the time being.

proceeding

“Proceeding” refers to all methods of invoking the action of a court; any procedural means of seeking redress from a tribunal or agency; a step in a larger action; the regular progression of a lawsuit; a legal action.

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propria persona

Propria persona, often abbreviated as pro per, is a phrase referring to pro se litigants according to the US Courts. Pro se litigants are individuals representing themselves without the benefit of a lawyer.

Individuals who wish to represent...

protocol

A protocol is:

a collection of rules controlling the treatment and, in particular, the formatting of data in an electronic communications system.

a summary...

provocation

The act of provoking or inciting someone to do something. Generally, provocation does not act as a complete defense, but it can mitigate damages or culpability.

Homicide

“Provocation” is that which causes, at the time of...

prudence

Prudence is defined as a reasonable standard of judgment, management, and conduct under the circumstances, based on what was known or should have been known at the time a decision was made or the action was completed. Prudence involves a duty...

public figure

A public figure, according to Gertz v. Robert Welch, is an individual who has assumed roles of especial prominence in the affairs of a society or thrust themselves into the forefront of particular public controversies to influence the resolution of the...

publication

A publication is the act of making something known to the public at large to inspect or scrutinize. This is done to convey knowledge or give notice.

In the context of copyright law, publication is an important concept and...

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